Help! I Don’t Know What Clay to Buy!
Starting pottery can be overwhelming—there are so many types of clay to choose from! Here are three simple questions to help you pick the right clay. These tips are great for beginners, but if you’re more experienced, you might have other factors to consider.
1. What Temperature Will I Be Firing My Work?
If you’re firing your work in a kiln, there are three main temperature ranges: low-fire (earthenware), midfire (often used for midfire stoneware), and high-fire (also for stoneware and porcelain). Clay and glazes mature at specific temperatures, so firing at the right temperature is key. If clay is fired too hot, it can deform or melt; too low, and it’ll stay rough and porous.
If you’re firing at a studio, check what temperature they fire to, as this will guide your clay choice. For instance, I fire my work at Rosewall Community Centre, which fires to cone 6, a midfire range. Stay tuned for a guide to local studios that offer firing services for work created outside of their classes!
Earthenware (Low-Fire)
Best for: Low-temperature firings, decorative pieces, and functional pottery that needs a vivid glaze.
Temperature Range: 900–1150℃.
Common Cone: Cone 04, but it can be fired between Cone 015 and Cone 1.
Midfire
Best for: Functional pieces, especially dinnerware and kitchenware, with added durability.
Temperature Range: 1150–1250℃.
Common Cone: Cone 6 (about 1220℃), offering a good balance of strength and durability.
Stoneware (High-Fire)
Best for: Functional pottery and art that require durability and water resistance.
Temperature Range: 1260–1300℃.
Common Cone: Cone 10 (about 1300℃), popular for making highly durable, fully vitrified ceramics.
2. What Method Will I Use to Create My Work?
Your technique—handbuilding or wheel throwing—affects which clay to choose.
Handbuilding: Clay with grog or sand is ideal for handbuilding, as it can support itself while you shape it. Both stoneware and earthenware work well for handbuilding projects.
Wheel Throwing: For throwing on a wheel, you’ll want a smooth clay with minimal grog, as rough clay can feel abrasive on your hands.
Experimenting is part of the fun, though! I love handbuilding with smooth clay that is better suited to throwing.
3. What Am I Making?
This question covers both function and aesthetics.
Functionality: If you’re making everyday items like mugs, bowls, or plates, mid or high fire clays are ideal for their durability and lower porosity. Earthenware is great for decorative pieces, though it’ll need glazing to be food-safe.
Appearance: Clay comes in a range of colours—white, speckled, tan, black, terracotta—and each one affects the final look. If you’re planning on using underglaze, a white clay can provide a great blank canvas, while a speckled clay can add natural texture to glazed pieces.
By thinking about your firing temperature, technique, and project, you can pick a clay that’s perfect for your needs. Check out our range of clays here. If you’d like advice on what you need, send us a DM on Instagram or complete our enquiries form.
Happy creating!